In the 1980s and 1990s, people commonly misused glue because it contained the chemical toluene, a solvent in glues and many other cosmetic and commercial products.
In response, the UK adhesives industry removed toluene from household glues, making them no longer abusable.
Petrol is also associated with solvent abuse although this is more widespread in Australia and Canada than in the UK.
What are the effects of inhaling petrol, glues or other solvents?
Today, everyday household glues no longer contain toluene and cannot be abused in the same way.
Inhaling petrol, solvents, or trade/industrial glues containing solvents can cause a range of effects, from dizziness to hallucinations. Inhaling very high concentrations can lead to anaesthesia, unconsciousness, and even death.
What are the health risks of inhaling petrol or solvents?
Inhaling petrol, solvents, or industrial-strength glues containing solvents poses severe health risks
In the short term, users may experience a range of symptoms, including nose bleeds, sores around the nose and mouth, nausea and vomiting, headaches, sinusitis, memory impairment, difficulties breathing, chest pain, fatigue, paranoia, anxiety and depression.
In addition, users risk death from choking, suffocation, asphyxiation, or a form of heart failure called sudden sniffing death syndrome (SSDS).
Repeated or chronic abuse can lead to long-term brain, lung, liver and kidney damage.
Harm reduction
There is no ‘safe’ way to use these substances.
If someone chooses to continue using them, following these safety tips may reduce the risk of accidents:
- Don’t use these substances alone (always have someone with you who can call an ambulance if necessary).
- Never cover your face with a mask or plastic bag (doing so increases the risk of suffocation).
- Don’t smoke or light cigarettes – these substances are highly flammable.
- Don’t mix with alcohol or any other drugs or prescribed medicines.
Don’t argue with, chase or excite someone who is high on gases/solvents. Raising their adrenaline levels increases their risk of death.
